CHAITRA
PARBA OR PARVA |
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Celebrated In
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Baripada, Orissa |
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Also known as
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Chhau Festival (Spring Festival) |
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Falls on :
Three days preceding
Bishubha sankrant (11th April) |
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Significance :
Attached to Mayurbhanj
Chhau |
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The 'Chaitra Parba' or 'Chhau Festival'
commences from the 11th April every year and continues for three days
concluding on 'Mahavisuba Sankranti Day' at Baripada. This is the festival of
festivals, which is enjoyed by the people of the country and the enthusiasts
from abroad. |
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Chaitra Parva or Parba is the most significant
festival attached to "Mayurbhanj Chhau". It is observed for three days prior to
"Maha Visubha Sankranti" (which generally falls on 13th or 14th) in the month
of April every year.
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During the royal regime, the festival was
observed in the capital of princely states of Mayurbhanj and after merger of
the state of Orissa, the district headquarter Baripada of the district of
Mayurbhani has become the place for its observation.
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Origin Of The Parva
The origin of 'Chaitra Parva' goes back to hoary past. In its early years
it was conceived to be a religious festival but with the pace of time it has
been converted into an art festival with some religious fervour. It is observed
for days together continuously with 'Saivite' Ceremonies and rituals during the
daytime, where as Chhau Dance is performed in the night. |
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It is known from the history that till the
period of Maharaja 'Krushna Chandra Bhanj Deo' i.e. 1882 Chhau was not attached
to Chaitra Parva. Another dance called "Rama Navami Nata" was being performed
during the festival. But after introduction of Chhau in Mayurbhanj state the
dance was attached to the Parva subsequently. |
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The Legend
In its early years during the royal administration, the prime objective of the
festival was to invoke and propitiate Lord Shiva through Saivite Ceremonies for
prosperity of the kingdom and the king. It is believed that if Lord Shiva is
invoked during the month of Chaitra, welfare of the community and also of the
individual occurs. |
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Therefore, it is natural that in this
particular period of the year the people would think to propitiate Lord Shiva
with prayers and rituals. Worship of Gods and Goddesses through dance and music
has the religious sanction of the Hindu. Hence, the dance and music has close
affinity with the religious rites performed to propitiate Gods. |
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It is believed that the rituals and penances
undertaken to propitiate God need to be observed in most perfect manner
otherwise an opposite disastrous effect may be obtained. Hence, on behalf of
the people who can adhere to strict discipline and undertake penance to
propitiate Gods for the benefit of the people and community an authorised to do
such activities. They are called "Bhaktas".
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Accordingly the Maharajas of Mayurbhanj also
authorised the Bhaktas to pray and propitiate Lord Shiva in the month of
Chaitra for prospects of the kingdom and the King. The occasion during which
such Saivite Ceremonies are performed is called Chaitra Parva. |
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