KHUDURUKUNI
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Celebrated In
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Coastal Districts of Orissa |
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Falls on :
Sunday of the month of
Bhadrab (August - September) |
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Also known as
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Khudurkuni |
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Deity :
Goddess Durga or Mangala |
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Time For The Festivity
On the Sundays of the month of 'Bhadrab' or 'Bhadra'
this festival is observed by the unmarried girls of the business community of
the coastal districts of Orissa. During the festival Goddess Durga is
propitiated 'Khude Bhaja" (Left out particles of rice that are fried),
'Kantiali Kakudi' (Cucumber having little thorns on it), 'Lia' (fried paddy),
'Ukhuda' (fried paddy sweetened by molasses) and coconut are the food-offerings
given to the deity. |
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However, the principal food offering is
'Khuda', which is said to be the favourite of the Goddess. Therefore, the
festival is named as "Khudarankuni" or popularly 'Khudurkuni', which means one
who is very eager for Khuda. |
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The Ritual
In the early morning the girls go out collecting
flowers required for the ritual. The varieties are 'Kaniara', 'Godibana',
'Tagara', 'Malati', 'Champa', 'Mandera' and 'Kain'. Then they go to nearby
rivers and tanks to have purificatory bath. After this they build tiny temples
of earth or sand and decorate the same with flowers. Paying obeisance to the
deity there, they return to their respective homes. They take two and half
mouthfuls of boiled rice mixed with water without adding salt. Then salt is
added. The significance of this act is not known. After this, the whole day is
spent in making garlands and decorating the image of the Goddess. |
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In villages generally the deity is worshipped
in the "Dhinkisala" or the place where caddy is pounced. This place is
plastered neatly with cow-dung and the image of the deity is installed. The
floor is painted with floral designs known as 'Jhoti' or 'Alpana'. Garlands are
made to hang like arches. The whole day passes with the arrangement and the
rituals of worship commence in the evening. |
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The First Episode Of Taapoi
After the ritual, is over the girls recite musically
the episode of 'Taapoi', which is now available in print. Earlier, this was
handed down by oral tradition. The first episode 'Malasri' recounts the killing
of the demon by Durga. It is said, that 'Mahisasura', the terrible demon became
atrocious by getting a boon from Brahma, the creator. Not only the mankind, but
also the Gods got panicky. He became so powerful that even Gods couldn't kill
him. |
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Then all the Gods conferred and went to
request the Goddess of power to kill the demon. Durga agreed and assuming the
form of a beautiful damsel went to Vindhya Mountain to pretend penancing.
Mahisasura, while out on hunting, noticed the beautiful damsel and immediately
offered to marry her. The damsel answered that she would only marry that person
who would defeat her in duel.
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Mahisasura being confident of his power soon
agreed to the proposal. A fierce 'duel' ensued between them; with all her
energy the damsel thrusted a trident violently to the chest of the demon who
was killed. Thus, Durga redeemed the world from the fear and atrocity of the
demon. It is, therefore, believed that the girls worship Durga to be powerful
like Her, to fight evil forces for the good of the human race. |
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The Second Episode Of Taapoi
The second episode 'Taapoi' is a legendary account of the sufferings and
success of a 'Sadhab' (Sea trader) girl. lt also reminds us of the maritime
glory of ancient Orissa, when there was sea-borne trade with southeast islands
of Java, Bali, Sumatra etc. The Sadhabas of Orissa were a prosperous community
who had trade-links with many countries. |
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The Legend Of Taapoi
According to this tale, there were seven brothers in a prosperous Sadhaba
family. Taapoi was their only sister who was also the youngest. Obviously they
bestowed their love and affection on her lavishly. Whatever she wished
immediately her demands were fulfilled. One day the little girl was playing
with her friends with a winnow, made out of bamboo strips. A Brahmin widow of
wicked nature scoffed at this.
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Being hurt the girl demanded a golden winnow
to play and it was given. Again she demanded a moon of Gold. When it was half
done her father died. When it was completed her mother died. By that time the
family also became poor. The seven brothers then set out on their voyage to
distant lands for trading and while leaving left clear instructions to their
respective wives to take special care of their lovely sister.
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Soon after the brothers left the seven wives
fell on the bad counsel of the Brahmin widow who impressed upon them that the
cause of their poverty is the girl for whom they were so lavish. Soon they
changed their attitude. She was not given good food or clothes. She was made to
live on Khuda (left out rice particles) and was engaged to watch goats in the
jungle. Inspite of unbearable torture she waited patiently for her brothers to
return. The youngest sister-in-law was kind to her, but couldn't come to her
rescue because of the six others.
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Amidst all sufferings Taapoi held her morale
high. All the while she was praying Durga ('Mangala') for the safe return of
her brothers. She worshipped the Goddess along with other girls and offered
Khuda, as she had nothing else. Her sincere and devotional prayer yielded fruit
and her brothers returned safely. They landed on the shore at night and while
resting on the vessel they heard the wailing sound of a girl.
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Being curious as to who was crying they
searched the area and found to their utter dismay, that she was none else than
their dear sister. As the pet goat 'Gharamani' was missing, she was driven out
by the in-laws and without being able to find the goat she was helplessly
crying. Seeing her brothers, her joys knew no bounds. The brothers heard all
about her plight at the hands of their wives. To punish them they asked their
sister to cut their noses. But, their noses were restored when she again prayed
the Goddess. Then all of them went happily home.
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These two episodes set two ideals before the
girls who observe the festival. One is to be courageous like Durga to fight
evil forces and the other to be like Taapoi to bear all sufferings patiently to
come out successful in life.
The idols of Durga are then immersed in rivers and tanks and this marks the
closing of the festival.
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