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According to
the scriptures, each man is indebted in three ways. Our ancient sages have
described the means of being free from these three debts. One must not try to
avoid or run away from these debts. If a man dies with the debt over his head,,
then he will have to clear those debts in his next birth. Therefore a man must
clear all these three debts, which are as under.
1. PITRARINA - (Indebtedness towards the Ancestors)
2. RISHIRINA - (Indebtedness towards the Rishi (Sages)
3. DEVA RINA - (Indebtedness towards Deities & God)
1. PITRARINA - A man is fortunate to have a virtuous son, because being
a virtuous soul he would perform all the pitrakarma (Shraadh) - offering of
water, food, etc. to the Brahmanas. TARPANA - Libation of water to the deceased
ancestors, Brahmana-Bhoja - Feeding the Brahmins).
2. RISHI RINA - By doing Tarpana to the Rishis daily, one gets free from
the debts, which Rishis have on us.
3. DEVA RINA - By doing worship of the deities we get liberated from
DEVA RINA.
The same thing has been said by Sage AASHVAKAAYAN in the following way
ATHOCCHA TE GRIHASTHASYA NITYAKARMA YATHAVIDHI
YATKRITVAANRINYAMAAPNOTI DAIVAAT
PAITTRAYAACCH MAANUSHAAT O
The Nitya Karma of a man is being explained as in the scriptures, by
performing which, a man is liberated from the RINA (Debts) which he has towards
DEVA, RISHI and PITRA.
"JAAYAMAANO VAI BRAHMANAS TRIBHIRRINVAA JAAYATE"
According to the above shloka which has been derived from TAITIRIYA
UPANISHAD means that As soon as a man takes birth, he carries three Rinas over
his Head. To get liberated from these three Rina (Debts) performing the NITYA
KARMA has claimed to be it's remedy.
There are Six Karmas in the NITYA KARMA
SANDHYAA SNAANAM JAPASHCHAIVA
DEVATAANAAMCHA POOJANAM |
VAISHVADEVAM TATHATITHYAM SHAT KARMAANI DINE DINE ||
(A man should take bath SNAAN, perform SANDHYAA (worship in the evening),
Japa (Chanting of Mantras) Devapoojan (Worship of Deities), BALIVAISHVADEVA
(repenting atonement for such petty sins which are committed daily and are
unavoidable, like we kill infinite number of germs while
cooking,walking,cleaning the house etc. There are six Karma to be performed
daily.
DUTIES
(KRITYA) TO BE PERFORMED BEFORE
HAVING A BATH IN THE MORNING
The
scriptures have explained some compulsory duties, which must be performed. Each
GRIHASTHA (a householder) should perform these NITYA KARMA. According to the
rules given in the scriptures, only after that he is fit to be called a
SHAT-KARMA ADHIKAARI (or performer of six duties.)
GETTING
UP IN THE BRAMAMUHURTA
A man must
get up one and a half hour before Sun Rise. There are many disadvantages of not
awaking in that time, described in the scriptures like
BRAAHME MUROORTE YAA NIDRAA SAA PUNYAKSHAYAKAARINEEM,
TAAM KAROTI DVIJO MOHAAT
PAADKRICCHRENSHUDHYATI.
(A sleep during the time of Brahmamuhurta destroys all the virtues, One who
sleeps during this time commits a sin, which can be atoned (PRAYASCHIT) by
performing PAADAKRICCHA (There is no need for atonement in the case of a sick
man or a man who had been performing KEERTANA the previous night.)
KARAAVALOKAN
(SEEING THE PALMS)
As soon as
one wakes up in the morning, during the Brahmamuhurta period, the first thing
he must do is to watch the palms of Both his hands, and say the following
SHLOKA.
KARAAGRE VASATE LAKSHAMIH KARMADHYA SARSWATI,
KARMOOLE STHITO BRAHMAA PRABHAATE KARDARSHANAM
(Laxmi dwells in the foremost part of the palm, Saraswati in the middle
part of the palm, At the Base of the palm resides Brahma, One must see his
palms everyday.)
By doing this act no matter how misfortunate a man is, his fortune will change
for good because the palms where Laxmi, Saraswati and Brahma dwells, how can
that man be unfortunate? According to Palmistry, great importance have been
attributed to the Lines of the palm. The Palmist, not only give the details of
Man's life from the time of his birth till his death, but he can also give
details about his previous births and forthcoming births.
So seeing the palms of the hand in the morning not only begins a good day for
us but also it turns the bad lines into good lines. Therefore one must say the
given Shloka while seeing the palms.
BHOOMI
VANDANA (SALUTATION TO MOTHER EARTH)
After
getting up from the Bed and before keeping your feet down on the Bhoomi (Mother
Earth) one should do salutations to Bhoomi and also beg for pardon for the
helplessness of putting your feet on her, by saying this shloka.
SAMUDRAVASANE DEVI PARVATASTANMANDITE,
VISHNU PATNI NASTUBHYAM PAADSPARSHAM KSHAMASVAME
(Salutations to the wife of Lord Vishnu, Vasundhara (Earth), whose Vastra
(Apparels) are SAMUDRA (Oceans), and whose STANA (Breast) are the Mountains.
Forgive me for the sin, by putting my feet upon you.)
The Status of Mother Earth is higher than our own mother, who has given birth
to us, because our Mothers look after our welfare till we are grown up i.e.
(feeding, Sanitation etc.) but the Mother earth looks after us and care for us,
since the time of birth, till we die by nourishing us with food, and accepting
even our excrement. Even after being indebted to Mother, Earth, a man acts
unfaithfully to her by causing numerous harms to her, like digging, filling the
earth with waste products, felling trees etc. To make her sons happy and
satisfied, Mother Earth accepts all the pains.
MANGAL
DARSHANA (AUSPICIOUS SIGHT)
After the
salutations to the Mother Earth sight of Chandana (Sandalwood) Sona (Gold),
Shankh (Conch), Mridanga (a Rhythmic musical instrument), Darpana (Mirror),
Mani (diamond) are considered Auspicious. After that one should make
salutations to his GURU (Teacher, Mother-Father, elders) Agni (Fire) and the
Sun (Surya).
PROSTRATION
TO MOTHER FATHER AND GURU (TEACHER)
One must
daily prostrate before his parents GURU (TEACHER) and all the elders, because
according to the VEDAS, Parents and Teachers have been compared with the Devta
(Deities) like,
MATRI DEVO BHAVAH, PITRA DEVO BHAVAH,
AACHAARYA DEVO BHAVAH
(Mother, Father and Teacher are deities)
Great importance of Prostration has been described in our scriptures :-
ABHIVAADAN SHEELASYA NITYAM VRIDDHOPASEVINAH,
CHATVAARI TASYA VARADAHANTE AAYURVIDDYA YASHOBAKAMO
(One who is a prostrator by nature, and is always in the service of Old
(VRIDDHA) (GYAANVRIDDHA (Senior on account of his knowledge), KARMAVRIDDHA-
Being Senior on account of his Superior Actions).
AVASTHAVRIDDHA (Senior on account of his Age) achieves four things AAYU
(Long-Life) VIDDYA (Knowledge) YASHA (FAME) and BALA (Strength).
These four things have invaluable importance in the life of a Man. A person who
possesses all these four things, does not lack anything in the life. Therefore
a Man should try to practice Prostration. After the Prostration, it is
necessary to purify our minds.
MANTRA
FOR PURIFICATION OF MIND
(MAANASIK SHUDDHI MANTRA)
OM APAVITRAH PAVITRO
VAA SARVAAVASTHAAM GATOPIVAA,
YAH SMARET PUNDAREEKAAKSHAM SA VAAHYAABHYANTARAHSHUCHI
ATINEEL GHANSHYAAMAM NA KSHINAAYATLOCHANAM
SMARAAMI PUNDAREEKAAKSHAM TEN SNAATOBHAVAAMYAHAM
One should sprinkle water on his body after saying these two Mantras. By doing
this one purifies his body.Then one should remember the Almighty God by doing
JAPA (Chanting of Mantras), Kirtan (devotional song) etc according to his
liking.
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